File:Eunectes-murinus -Broghammerus-reticulatus- -Titanoboa-2.svg

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English: A size comparison of four different snakes; comparing large individuals of the extant green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) and reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) to total length estimates of the extinct Gigantophis and Titanoboa.


• The green anaconda is the largest (most massive) extant snake. However, the maximum size of the species is controversial. The silhouette is scaled to 5.21 metres (17.1 ft), which was the longest measured out of hundreds of anacondas in a study by Jesús Antonio Rivas.[1] There are various reports of longer anacondas, but many of these reports have been questioned.[2][3][4]
• The reticulated python is the longest extant snake. The silhouette is scaled to 6.95 metres (22.8 ft) which is the length of a reliably measured wild reticulated python.[5] A captive reticulated python named "Medusa" is reported to measure 7.67 metres (25.2 ft).[6] There are reports of ~10 metres (33 ft) specimens but these are questionable.[3][4][5]
• Gigantophis is thought to be a member of the extinct snake family Madtsoiidae. Gigantophis is only known from a few vertebrae, and the morphology of Madtsoiidae snakes is not very well known. However, Gigantophis has been estimated as one of the largest snakes to have lived. It was estimated between 9.3 and 10.7 metres (31 and 35 ft) in length by Jason Head & P. David Polly in 2004 using regression analysis (the silhouette shown here is 10 metres (33 ft)). Another analysis by Jonathan P. Rio & Philip D. Mannion estimated it at 6.9 metres (23 ft) (+/- 0.3 m).[7][8]
• Titanoboa is only known from large vertebrae and skull material, but size estimates suggest it is the largest snake known. In 2009, Jason Head and colleagues estimated it at 12.8 metres (42 ft) (+/-2.18 m) by measuring the vertebrae and performing a regression analysis. In a later conference abstract, Head et al. estimated a length of 14.3 metres (47 ft) (+/-1.28 m) based on skull material, and comparisons to Eunectes.[9][10]
• Human scaled to 180 cm (5 ft 11 in).


References

  1. ↑ Rivas, Jesús Antonio (2000) The life history of the green anaconda (Eunectes murinus), with emphasis on its reproductive Biology (Ph.D.)[1] (PDF), University of Tennessee, archived from the original on 2016-03-03 archive copy at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ Wood, Gerald (1983年) 《 The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats》 ISBN： 978-0-85112-235-9.
  3. ↑ a b G Barker, David (2012). "The Corrected Lengths of Two Well-known Giant Pythons and the Establishment of a New Maximum Length Record for Burmese Pythons, Python bivittatus". Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 47: 165-168.
  4. ↑ a b Murphy, John C. (2015). Size Records for Giant Snakes. squamates.blogspot.com. Retrieved on February 17, 2020.
  5. ↑ a b Fredriksson, G. M. (2005). "Predation on Sun Bears by Reticulated Python in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 53 (1): 165–168. Archived from the original on 2007-08-11.
  6. ↑ Longest snake in captivity ever. Guinness World Records (12 October 2011). Retrieved on February 17, 2020.
  7. ↑ Head, J. (2004). "They might be giants: morphometric methods for reconstructing body size in the world's largest snakes". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 (Supp. 3): 68A–69A. DOI:10.1080/02724634.2004.10010643.
  8. ↑ (2017). "The osteology of the giant snake Gigantophis garstini from the upper Eocene of North Africa and its bearing on the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Madtsoiidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 (4): e1347179. DOI:10.1080/02724634.2017.1347179.
  9. ↑ Head, Jason J. (2009). "Giant boid snake from the Palaeocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures". Nature 457 (7230): 715–717. DOI:10.1038/nature07671. ISSN 1476-4687.
  10. ↑ Head, Jason (2013). "Cranial osteology, Body Size, Systematics, and Ecology of the giant Paleocene Snake Titanoboa cerrejonensis". Conference: 73nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology: 140-141.
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当前2019年4月24日 (三) 10:552019年4月24日 (三) 10:55版本的缩略图1,440 × 480（182 KB）Steveoc 86Typo - 14.9 to 14.3
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