乌美螺酮

**乌美螺酮**
臨床資料
给药途径	口服
ATC碼	未分配;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	不受管制;
藥物動力學數據
生物半衰期	未知，但效果比其他阿扎匹隆类药物持续时间更长，在人体临床研究中单剂量后可持续长达23小时。
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 3-butyl-7-[4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]butyl]-9,9-dimethyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,6,8-tetrone; ;
CAS号	107736-98-1
PubChem CID	65902;
ChemSpider	59311;
UNII	FG0A3VRL5K;
化学信息
化学式	C28H40N4O5
摩尔质量	512.65 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES O=C1N(C(=O)C2C(=O)N(C(=O)C1C2(C)C)CCCCN4CCN(c3ccccc3OC)CC4)CCCC;

乌美螺酮（INN：umespirone；开发代号：KC-9172）是一种阿扎匹隆（英语：Azapirone）类药物，具有抗焦虑和抗精神病特性。^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]它是5-HT_1A受体部分激动剂（K_i= 5 nM）、D₂受体部分激动剂（K_i= 23 nM）和α₁-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂（K_i= 14 nM），并且对σ受体也具有弱亲和力（K_i= 558 nM）。^[2]^[6]^[7]与许多其他抗焦虑药和抗精神病药不同，乌美螺酮产生最小程度的镇静、认知/记忆障碍、僵直（英语：Catalepsy）和锥体外系症状。^[1]^[5]^[6]

合成[编辑]

参见[编辑]

阿扎匹隆（英语：Azapirone）

参考资料[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Holland RL, Wesnes K, Dietrich B. Single dose human pharmacology of umespirone. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1994, 46 (5): 461–8. PMID 7957544. S2CID 12117650. doi:10.1007/bf00191912.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Barnes NM, Costall B, Domeney AM, et al. The effects of umespirone as a potential anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. September 1991, 40 (1): 89–96. PMID 1685786. S2CID 9762359. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90326-W.
^ Ruhland M, Krähling H, Fuchs A, Schön U. KC 9172 (free base of KC 7218)--an antipsychotic/anxiolytic compound. I. Antipsychotic and anxiolytic activity in comparison with chlorpromazine, clozapine, diazepam and buspirone. Pharmacopsychiatry. November 1988, 21 (6): 396–8. PMID 2907649. S2CID 260241523. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1017024.
^ Krähling H, Fuchs A, Ruhland M, Schön U, Mol F, Tulp M. KC 9172 (free base of KC 7218)--an antipsychotic/anxiolytic compound. II. Discrimination from typical neuroleptics and benzodiazepine-like minor tranquilizers. Pharmacopsychiatry. November 1988, 21 (6): 399–401. PMID 2907650. S2CID 260241655. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1017025.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Schmidt WJ, Krähling H, Ruhland M. Antagonism of AP-5-induced sniffing stereotypy links umespirone to atypical antipsychotics. Life Sciences. 1991, 48 (6): 499–505. PMID 1671523. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90464-M.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Ahlenius S, Wijkström A. Mixed agonist-antagonist properties of umespirone at neostriatal dopamine receptors in relation to its behavioral effects in the rat. European Journal of Pharmacology. November 1992, 222 (1): 69–74. PMID 1361441. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90464-F.
^ Itzhak Y, Ruhland M, Krähling H. Binding of umespirone to the sigma receptor: evidence for multiple affinity states. Neuropharmacology. February 1990, 29 (2): 181–4. PMID 1970425. S2CID 54326248. doi:10.1016/0028-3908(90)90058-Y .
^ Kr鋒ling, H.; Krijzer, F. Drugs Fut 1991,16(5),437.
^ DE3529872 idem Uwe Schoen, Wolfgang Kehrbach, Werner Benson, Andreas Fuchs, Michael Ruhland, 美國專利第4,771,044号 (1988 to Kali-Chemie Pharma Gmbh).

[pmid7957544-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Holland RL, Wesnes K, Dietrich B. Single dose human pharmacology of umespirone. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1994, 46 (5): 461–8. PMID 7957544. S2CID 12117650. doi:10.1007/bf00191912.

[pmid1685786-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Barnes NM, Costall B, Domeney AM, et al. The effects of umespirone as a potential anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. September 1991, 40 (1): 89–96. PMID 1685786. S2CID 9762359. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90326-W.

[pmid2907649-3] Ruhland M, Krähling H, Fuchs A, Schön U. KC 9172 (free base of KC 7218)--an antipsychotic/anxiolytic compound. I. Antipsychotic and anxiolytic activity in comparison with chlorpromazine, clozapine, diazepam and buspirone. Pharmacopsychiatry. November 1988, 21 (6): 396–8. PMID 2907649. S2CID 260241523. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1017024.

[pmid2907650-4] Krähling H, Fuchs A, Ruhland M, Schön U, Mol F, Tulp M. KC 9172 (free base of KC 7218)--an antipsychotic/anxiolytic compound. II. Discrimination from typical neuroleptics and benzodiazepine-like minor tranquilizers. Pharmacopsychiatry. November 1988, 21 (6): 399–401. PMID 2907650. S2CID 260241655. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1017025.

[pmid1671523-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Schmidt WJ, Krähling H, Ruhland M. Antagonism of AP-5-induced sniffing stereotypy links umespirone to atypical antipsychotics. Life Sciences. 1991, 48 (6): 499–505. PMID 1671523. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90464-M.

[pmid1361441-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Ahlenius S, Wijkström A. Mixed agonist-antagonist properties of umespirone at neostriatal dopamine receptors in relation to its behavioral effects in the rat. European Journal of Pharmacology. November 1992, 222 (1): 69–74. PMID 1361441. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90464-F.

[pmid1970425-7] Itzhak Y, Ruhland M, Krähling H. Binding of umespirone to the sigma receptor: evidence for multiple affinity states. Neuropharmacology. February 1990, 29 (2): 181–4. PMID 1970425. S2CID 54326248. doi:10.1016/0028-3908(90)90058-Y .

[8] Kr鋒ling, H.; Krijzer, F. Drugs Fut 1991,16(5),437.

[9] DE3529872 idem Uwe Schoen, Wolfgang Kehrbach, Werner Benson, Andreas Fuchs, Michael Ruhland, 美國專利第4,771,044号 (1988 to Kali-Chemie Pharma Gmbh).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]