晶杯菌科

晶杯菌科
	黄脂晶杯菌（瑞典语：Hyaloscypha aureliella）; Hyaloscypha aureliella
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	子囊菌门 Ascomycota
纲：	錘舌菌綱 Leotiomycetes
目：	柔膜菌目 Helotiales
科：	晶杯菌科 Hyaloscyphaceae; Nannf.（英语：John Axel Nannfeldt） (1932)
模式属
	晶杯菌屬（英语：Hyaloscypha）; Hyaloscypha; Boud.
屬
	詳見內文

晶杯菌科（學名：Hyaloscyphaceae）是子囊菌門錘舌菌綱柔膜菌目的一個科，於1932年由瑞典植物學家John Axel Nannfeldt（英语：John Axel Nannfeldt）發表描述。截至2008年，本科包含74個屬，共933種物種^[1]，是柔膜菌目中最大的科^[2]。本科物種營養方式多為腐生^[3]，子囊盤的直徑多在1毫米以下，顏色鮮豔，且邊緣與下側常有各種形狀的毛^[2]。

分類

Nannfeldt建立晶杯菌科時，將本科分為Arachnopezizeae、 Hyaloscypheae與Lachneae等三個族，其中Arachnopezizeae包含子囊盤（英语：apothecium）生長於菌絲層（subiculum）之上者，Hyaloscypheae包含子囊盤較小、有各種形狀的毛，且側絲（英语：paraphyses）為圓柱形者，Lachneae則包含子囊盤相對較大、毛表面粗糙且有隔板（英语：septa）、且側絲呈披針形者。2014年，分子種系發生學的研究結果顯示晶杯菌科並非單系群，且晶杯菌科的三個族中，只有Lachneae是單系群，子囊盤上的毛，Arachnopezizeae子囊盤下方的菌絲層都被認為並非共衍徵，而是多次獨立演化而來。因此該研究主張晶杯菌科的分類有待改動，而暫時將晶杯菌科包含的類群範圍限制在晶杯菌屬（英语：Hyaloscypha）一屬中^[2]。

下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Acleistia Bayl.Elliott, 1917
Aeruginoscyphus Dougoud
Ambrodiscus S.E.Carpenter, 1988
Arboricolonus S.Bien & Damm, 2020
Arbusculina Marvanová & Descals
Betulina Velen.
Brefeldochium Verkley, 2005
Candelabrum Beverw.
Cheiromycella
Höhn.
- Cheiromycella annulata Matsush.
- Cheiromycella foliicola U.Braun, Melnik & Tomosh.
- Cheiromycella indica Rajn.K.Verma, Prasher, Sushma & A.K.Gautam^[4]
- Cheiromycella jafarii R.Begum
- Cheiromycella moniliphora Matsush.
- Cheiromycella speiroides (Höhn.) Höhn.
Chimaeroscypha Raitv.
Chrysothallus Velen.
Ciliolarina Svrek, 1977
Ciliosculum Kirschstein, 1941
Cistella Quél., 1886
Clathrosphaerina Beverw.
Clavidisculum Kirschst.
Dasyscypha K.W.G.L.Fuckel, 1870
Dematioscypha Svrek, 1977
Dematioscypha Svrček
Dendrotrichoscypha Svrek, 1977
Didonia Velen.
Dimorphotricha B.M.Spooner, 1987
Discocistella Svrček
Echinula Graddon
Eupezizella Höhn.
Fuscoscypha Svrek, 1987
Goidanichiella G.L.Barron ex W.Gams
Graddonidiscus Raitv. & R.Galán
Grahamiella Spooner
Hamatocanthoscypha Svrek, 1977
Haplographium Berk. & Broome
Hegermila Raitviir, 1995
Heliscella Marvanová, 1980
Helotiopsis
Hyalopeziza Fuckel
晶杯菌属 Hyaloscypha Boud.
Hyalotricha Dennis
Hyphopeziza J.G.Han, Hosoya & H.D.Shin
Incrupila Raitv.
Incrupilella Svrek, 1986
Lacnellula P.A.Karsten
Meliniomyces Hambl. & Sigler
Mimicoscypha T.Kosonen, Huhtinen & K.Hansen
Mollisina Höhn.
Mycoarthris Marvanová & P.J.Fisher
Olla Velen.
Otwaya G.Beaton, 1978
Parorbiliopsis Spooner & Dennis
Pezizella P.Karst., 1873
Phialea (Fr.) Gillet
Phialoscypha Raitv.
Pilatia Velen.
Polaroscyphus Huhtinen, 1987
Polydesmia Boud.
Proliferodiscus Bien & Damm, 2020
Proprioscypha Spooner, 1987
Protounguicularia Raitv. & R.Galán
Pseudaegerita J.L.Crane & Schokn.
Pseudoolla
Psilocistella Svrček, 1977
Pubigera Baral, Gminder & Svrček
Remleria Raitv.
Resinoscypha T.Kosonen, Huhtinen & K.Hansen
Rhizoscyphus W.Y.Zhuang & Korf, 2004
Rommelaarsia Baral & Haelew., 2015
Roseodiscus Baral
Scutoscypha Graddon
Thindiomyces W.-R.Arendholz & R.Sharma, 1983
Truncicola Velen.
Unguicularia Höhn.
Unguiculariella K.S.Thind & R.Sharma, 1990
Unguiculella Höhn.
Urceolella Boud.

參考資料

^ P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon, D.W. Minter, J.A. Stalpers. Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edn.). CABI Publishing. 2008.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jae-Gu Han, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Gi-Ho Sung, Hyeon-Dong Shin. Phylogenetic reassessment of Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses 118 (2). Fungal Biology: 150-167. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.11.004.
^ Cannon PF, Kirk PM. Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. 2007: 162–63. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.
^ R. K. Verma,I. B. Prasher,Sushma．Cheiromycella indica sp. nov. and new records of microfungi from North-Western India[J]．Vegetos: an international journal of plant research,2021,34(2)

[1] P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon, D.W. Minter, J.A. Stalpers. Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edn.). CABI Publishing. 2008.

[Han-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jae-Gu Han, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Gi-Ho Sung, Hyeon-Dong Shin. Phylogenetic reassessment of Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses 118 (2). Fungal Biology: 150-167. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.11.004.

[3] Cannon PF, Kirk PM. Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. 2007: 162–63. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.

[4] R. K. Verma,I. B. Prasher,Sushma．Cheiromycella indica sp. nov. and new records of microfungi from North-Western India[J]．Vegetos: an international journal of plant research,2021,34(2)

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