卡冈杜亚鸟属

恋酒卡冈杜亚鸟; 化石时期：晚白垩纪, 73.5–71.5 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ▼
	恋酒卡冈杜亚鸟（G. philoinos）正模标本，为发现于奥德河畔康帕涅的不完整骨盆化石
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目：	恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目：	蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目：	兽脚亚目 Theropoda
演化支：	鸟翼类 Avialae
科：	†卡冈杜亚鸟科 Gargantuaviidae; Buffetaut and Angst, 2019
属：	†卡冈杜亚鸟属 Gargantuavis; Buffetaut & Le Loeuff, 1998
种：	†恋酒卡冈杜亚鸟 G. philoinos
二名法
	†Gargantuavis philoinos; Buffetaut & Le Loeuff, 1998

卡冈杜亚鸟属（学名：Gargantuavis，意为“巨大的鸟类”）是已灭绝的大型原始鸟类，包含了单一物种恋酒卡冈杜亚鸟（Gargantuavis philoinos）^[1]，也是卡冈杜亚鸟科（Gargantuaviidae）下唯一的单型属。化石发现于距今7,350万至7,150万年前的西班牙北部、法国南部及罗马尼亚^[2]^[3]。卡冈杜亚鸟是中生代目前体型已知最大的鸟类，体型约介于现存的鹤鸵和鸵鸟之间，体重可达141千克（311磅），与鸵鸟相近似，这代表非鸟类恐龙的灭绝并非是巨型陆栖鸟类出现的必要条件^[1]。它们曾一度认为与现代鸟类密切相关，但2019年于哈采格岛（现今的罗马尼亚）发现的一个骨盆有发现到数个较为原始的特征^[4]。

根据其股骨来看，卡冈杜亚鸟是属于缓慢行走的物种，并不擅长奔跑^[5]。由于仅有发现零碎的化石残缺，关于它们的生物学和生态等许多方面仍然不明，包括其食性。与卡冈杜亚鸟共存的动物包括大型掠食者如阿贝力龙科物种、植食动物如甲龙亚目和泰坦巨龙类、翼龙、鳄鱼、乌龟、鱼类和其他早期鸟类^[1]^[6]^[2]。

参考文献[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. A new giant ground bird from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1998, 155 (155): 1–4. Bibcode:1998JGSoc.155....1B. S2CID 128496095. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.155.1.0001.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. The giant flightless bird Gargantuavis philoinos from the Late Cretaceous of southwestern Europe: a review. Khosla, A.; Lucas, S.G. (编). Cretaceous Period: Biotic Diversity and Biogeography. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 71. 2016: 45–50.
^ Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. Pelvic elements of the giant bird Gargantuavis from the Upper Cretaceous of Cruzy (southern France), with remarks on pneumatisation. Cretaceous Research. 2016, 66 (66): 171–176. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.06.010.
^ Mayr, G.; Codrea, V.; Solomon, A.; Bordeianu, M.; Smith, T. A well-preserved pelvis from the Maastrichtian of Romania suggests that the enigmatic Gargantuavis is neither an ornithurine bird nor an insular endemic. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 106: 104271. S2CID 210302354. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104271.
^ Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. Gargantuavis philoinos: giant bird or giant pterosaur?. Annales de Paléontologie. 2010, 96 (4): 135–141. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2011.05.002.
^ Buffetaut, E. Les oiseaux fossiles du Crétacé supérieur de l'Hérault. Bulletin de la Société d'Étude des Sciences Naturelles de Béziers. 2012, (66): 34–39.

[Buffetaut_&_Le_Loeuff1998-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. A new giant ground bird from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1998, 155 (155): 1–4. Bibcode:1998JGSoc.155....1B. S2CID 128496095. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.155.1.0001.

[Buffetaut_&_Angst2016a-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. The giant flightless bird Gargantuavis philoinos from the Late Cretaceous of southwestern Europe: a review. Khosla, A.; Lucas, S.G. (编). Cretaceous Period: Biotic Diversity and Biogeography. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 71. 2016: 45–50.

[Buffetaut_&_Angst2016b-3] Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. Pelvic elements of the giant bird Gargantuavis from the Upper Cretaceous of Cruzy (southern France), with remarks on pneumatisation. Cretaceous Research. 2016, 66 (66): 171–176. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.06.010.

[Mayr2019-4] Mayr, G.; Codrea, V.; Solomon, A.; Bordeianu, M.; Smith, T. A well-preserved pelvis from the Maastrichtian of Romania suggests that the enigmatic Gargantuavis is neither an ornithurine bird nor an insular endemic. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 106: 104271. S2CID 210302354. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104271.

[Buffetaut_&_Le_Loeuff2010-5] Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. Gargantuavis philoinos: giant bird or giant pterosaur?. Annales de Paléontologie. 2010, 96 (4): 135–141. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2011.05.002.

[Buffetaut2012-6] Buffetaut, E. Les oiseaux fossiles du Crétacé supérieur de l'Hérault. Bulletin de la Société d'Étude des Sciences Naturelles de Béziers. 2012, (66): 34–39.

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