镏的同位素
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标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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镏(原子量:174.967(1))的同位素,其中有1个同位素是稳定的。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素质量(u) | 半衰期[n 1] | 衰变 方式[2][n 2] |
衰变 产物[n 3] |
原子核 自旋 |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量 | ||||||||
149Lu[3] | 71 | 78 | 450 ns [(+170−100) μs] |
p | 11/2- | |||
150Lu | 71 | 79 | 149.97323(54)# | 43(5) ms | p (80%) | 149Yb | (2+) | |
β+ (20%) | 150Yb | |||||||
150mLu | 34(15) keV | 80(60) µs [30(+95-15) µs] |
p | 149Yb | (1,2) | |||
151Lu | 71 | 80 | 149.97323(54)# | 80.6(5) ms | p (63.4%) | 150Yb | (11/2-) | |
β+ (36.6%) | 151Yb | |||||||
151mLu | 77(5) keV | 16(1) µs | p | 150Yb | (3/2+) | |||
152Lu | 71 | 81 | 151.96412(21)# | 650(70) ms | β+ (85%) | 152Yb | (5-,6-) | |
β+, p (15%) | 151Tm | |||||||
153Lu | 71 | 82 | 152.95877(22) | 0.9(2) s | α (70%) | 149Tm | 11/2- | |
β+ (30%) | 153Yb | |||||||
153m1Lu | 80(5) keV | 1# s | IT | 153Yb | 1/2+ | |||
153m2Lu | 2502.5(4) keV | >0.1 µs | IT | 153Yb | 23/2- | |||
153m3Lu | 2632.9(5) keV | 15(3) µs | IT | 153m2Yb | 27/2- | |||
154Lu | 71 | 83 | 153.95752(22)# | 1# s | β+ | 154Yb | (2-) | |
154m1Lu | 58(13) keV | 1.12(8) s | (9+) | |||||
154m2Lu | >2562 keV | 35(3) µs | (17+) | |||||
155Lu | 71 | 84 | 154.954316(22) | 68.6(16) ms | α (76%) | 151Tm | (11/2-) | |
β+ (24%) | 155Yb | |||||||
155m1Lu | 20(6) keV | 138(8) ms | α (88%) | 151Tm | (1/2+) | |||
β+ (12%) | 155Yb | |||||||
155m2Lu | 1781.0(20) keV | 2.70(3) ms | (25/2-) | |||||
156Lu | 71 | 85 | 155.95303(8) | 494(12) ms | α (95%) | 152Tm | (2)- | |
β+ (5%) | 156Yb | |||||||
156mLu | 220(80)# keV | 198(2) ms | α (94%) | 152Tm | (9)+ | |||
β+ (6%) | 156Yb | |||||||
157Lu | 71 | 86 | 156.950098(20) | 6.8(18) s | β+ | 157Yb | (1/2+,3/2+) | |
α | 153Tm | |||||||
157mLu | 21.0(20) keV | 4.79(12) s | β+ (94%) | 157Yb | (11/2-) | |||
α (6%) | 153Tm | |||||||
158Lu | 71 | 87 | 157.949313(16) | 10.6(3) s | β+ (99.09%) | 158Yb | 2- | |
α (.91%) | 154Tm | |||||||
159Lu | 71 | 88 | 158.94663(4) | 12.1(10) s | β+ (99.96%) | 159Yb | 1/2+# | |
α (.04%) | 155Tm | |||||||
159mLu | 100(80)# keV | 10# s | 11/2-# | |||||
160Lu | 71 | 89 | 159.94603(6) | 36.1(3) s | β+ | 160Yb | 2-# | |
α (10−4%) | 156Tm | |||||||
160mLu | 0(100)# keV | 40(1) s | ||||||
161Lu | 71 | 90 | 160.94357(3) | 77(2) s | β+ | 161Yb | 1/2+ | |
161mLu | 166(18) keV | 7.3(4) ms | IT | 161Lu | (9/2-) | |||
162Lu | 71 | 91 | 161.94328(8) | 1.37(2) min | β+ | 162Yb | (1-) | |
162m1Lu | 120(200)# keV | 1.5 min | β+ | 162Yb | 4-# | |||
IT (不常见) | 162Lu | |||||||
162m2Lu | 300(200)# keV | 1.9 min | ||||||
163Lu | 71 | 92 | 162.94118(3) | 3.97(13) min | β+ | 163Yb | 1/2(+) | |
164Lu | 71 | 93 | 163.94134(3) | 3.14(3) min | β+ | 164Yb | 1(-) | |
165Lu | 71 | 94 | 164.939407(28) | 10.74(10) min | β+ | 165Yb | 1/2+ | |
166Lu | 71 | 95 | 165.93986(3) | 2.65(10) min | β+ | 166Yb | (6-) | |
166m1Lu | 34.37(5) keV | 1.41(10) min | ε (58%) | 166Yb | 3(-) | |||
IT (42%) | 166Lu | |||||||
166m2Lu | 42.9(5) keV | 2.12(10) min | 0(-) | |||||
167Lu | 71 | 96 | 166.93827(3) | 51.5(10) min | β+ | 167Yb | 7/2+ | |
167mLu | 0(30)# keV | >1 min | 1/2(-#) | |||||
168Lu | 71 | 97 | 167.93874(5) | 5.5(1) min | β+ | 168Yb | (6-) | |
168mLu | 180(110) keV | 6.7(4) min | β+ (95%) | 168Yb | 3+ | |||
IT (5%) | 168Lu | |||||||
169Lu | 71 | 98 | 168.937651(6) | 34.06(5) h | β+ | 169Yb | 7/2+ | |
169mLu | 29.0(5) keV | 160(10) s | IT | 169Lu | 1/2- | |||
170Lu | 71 | 99 | 169.938475(18) | 2.012(20) d | β+ | 170Yb | 0+ | |
170mLu | 92.91(9) keV | 670(100) ms | IT | 170Lu | (4)- | |||
171Lu | 71 | 100 | 170.9379131(30) | 8.24(3) d | β+ | 171Yb | 7/2+ | |
171mLu | 71.13(8) keV | 79(2) s | IT | 171Lu | 1/2- | |||
172Lu | 71 | 101 | 171.939086(3) | 6.70(3) d | β+ | 172Yb | 4- | |
172m1Lu | 41.86(4) keV | 3.7(5) min | IT | 172Lu | 1- | |||
172m2Lu | 65.79(4) keV | 0.332(20) µs | (1)+ | |||||
172m3Lu | 109.41(10) keV | 440(12) µs | (1)+ | |||||
172m4Lu | 213.57(17) keV | 150 ns | (6-) | |||||
173Lu | 71 | 102 | 172.9389306(26) | 1.37(1) a | ε | 173Yb | 7/2+ | |
173mLu | 123.672(13) keV | 74.2(10) µs | 5/2- | |||||
174Lu | 71 | 103 | 173.9403375(26) | 3.31(5) a | β+ | 174Yb | (1)- | |
174m1Lu | 170.83(5) keV | 142(2) d | IT (99.38%) | 174Lu | 6- | |||
ε (.62%) | 174Yb | |||||||
174m2Lu | 240.818(4) keV | 395(15) ns | (3+) | |||||
174m3Lu | 365.183(6) keV | 145(3) ns | (4-) | |||||
175Lu | 71 | 104 | 174.9407718(23) | 观测上稳定[n 4] | 7/2+ | 0.9741(2) | ||
175m1Lu | 1392.2(6) keV | 984(30) µs | (19/2+) | |||||
175m2Lu | 353.48(13) keV | 1.49(7) µs | 5/2- | |||||
176Lu[n 5][n 6] | 71 | 105 | 175.9426863(23) | 38.5(7)×109 a | β− | 176Hf | 7- | 0.0259(2) |
176mLu | 122.855(6) keV | 3.664(19) h | β− (99.9%) | 176Hf | 1- | |||
ε (.095%) | 176Yb | |||||||
177Lu | 71 | 106 | 176.9437581(23) | 6.6475(20) d | β− | 177Hf | 7/2+ | |
177m1Lu | 150.3967(10) keV | 130(3) ns | 9/2- | |||||
177m2Lu | 569.7068(16) keV | 155(7) µs | 1/2+ | |||||
177m3Lu | 970.1750(24) keV | 160.44(6) d | β− (78.3%) | 177Hf | 23/2- | |||
IT (21.7%) | 177Lu | |||||||
177m4Lu | 3900(10) keV | 7(2) min [6(+3-2) min] |
39/2- | |||||
178Lu | 71 | 107 | 177.945955(3) | 28.4(2) min | β− | 178Hf | 1(+) | |
178mLu | 123.8(26) keV | 23.1(3) min | β− | 178Hf | 9(-) | |||
179Lu | 71 | 108 | 178.947327(6) | 4.59(6) h | β− | 179Hf | 7/2(+) | |
179mLu | 592.4(4) keV | 3.1(9) ms | IT | 179Lu | 1/2(+) | |||
180Lu | 71 | 109 | 179.94988(8) | 5.7(1) min | β− | 180Hf | 5+ | |
180m1Lu | 13.9(3) keV | ~1 s | IT | 180Lu | 3- | |||
180m2Lu | 624.0(5) keV | >=1 ms | (9-) | |||||
181Lu | 71 | 110 | 180.95197(32)# | 3.5(3) min | β− | 181Hf | (7/2+) | |
182Lu | 71 | 111 | 181.95504(21)# | 2.0(2) min | β− | 182Hf | (0,1,2) | |
183Lu | 71 | 112 | 182.95757(32)# | 58(4) s | β− | 183Hf | (7/2+) | |
184Lu | 71 | 113 | 183.96091(43)# | 20(3) s | β− | 184Hf | (3+) | |
185Lu | 71 | 114 | 184.96354(32)# | 20# s | 7/2+# | |||
186Lu | 71 | 115 | 185.96745(43)# | 6# s | ||||
187Lu | 71 | 116 | 186.97019(43)# | 7# s | 7/2+# | |||
188Lu | 71 | 117 | 187.97443(43)# | 1# s | ||||
189Lu[5] | 71 | 118 | ||||||
190Lu[6] | 71 | 119 |
备注:画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,只是理论推测而已,而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
镱的同位素 | 镏的同位素 | 铪的同位素 |
注释[编辑]
- ^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
- ^ Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
- ^ 理论上可以α衰变成171Tm,半衰期预测约为1035年[4]
- ^ primordial radionuclide
- ^ Used in Lutetium-Hafnium dating
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-20]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Auranen, K. Nanosecond-Scale Proton Emission from Strongly Oblate-Deformed 149Lu. Physical Review Letters. 16 March 2022, 128 (11): 2501 [2023-05-26]. PMID 35363028. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.112501. (原始内容存档于2022-05-20).
- ^ Belli, P.; Bernabei, R.; Danevich, F. A.; Incicchitti, A.; Tretyak, V. I. Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays. The European Physical Journal A (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2019, 55 (8). ISSN 1434-6001. doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2.
- ^ Haak, K.; Tarasov, O. B.; Chowdhury, P.; et al. Production and discovery of neutron-rich isotopes by fragmentation of 198Pt. Physical Review C. 2023, 108 (34608): 034608. Bibcode:2023PhRvC.108c4608H. S2CID 261649436. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.108.034608.
- ^ Tarasov, O. B.; Gade, A.; Fukushima, K.; et al. Observation of New Isotopes in the Fragmentation of 198Pt at FRIB. Physical Review Letters. 2024, 132 (072501). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.072501.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素与同位素的稳定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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