美索不達米亞早期王朝時期
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| 地理範圍 | 美索不達米亞 |
|---|---|
| 時期 | 青銅時代 |
| 時間 | fl. c. 2900–2350 BC (middle) |
| 典型代表 | Tell Khafajah, Tell Agrab, Tell Asmar |
| 主要遺址 | Tell Abu Shahrain, Tell al-Madain, Tell as-Senkereh, Tell Abu Habbah, Tell Fara, Tell Uheimir, Tell al-Muqayyar, Tell Bismaya, Tell Hariri |
| 先前文化 | Jemdet Nasr Period |
| 繼承文化 | Akkadian Period |
早期王朝時期（縮寫ED時期或ED）是美索不達米亞（現代 
伊拉克）中的古文明，可追溯到公元前 2900–2350 年。
研究史[編輯]
蘇美爾的歷史[編輯]
外交[編輯]
戰爭[編輯]
鄰近地區[編輯]
近期發現[編輯]
王國和統治者[編輯]
地理環境[編輯]
下美索不達米亞[編輯]
鄰近地區[編輯]
上美索不達米亞和敘利亞中部[編輯]
伊朗高原[編輯]
波斯灣[編輯]
印度河谷[編輯]
政府與經濟[編輯]
管理[編輯]
寺廟[編輯]
人口[編輯]
法律[編輯]
Gay
貿易[編輯]
文化[編輯]
雕刻[編輯]
金屬加工和金工[編輯]
氣缸密封[編輯]
嵌體[編輯]
參考[編輯]
- ^ Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2003: 79. ISBN 978-1-58839-043-1 （英語）.
進一步閱讀[編輯]
- Ascalone, Enrico. 2007. Mesopotamia: Assyrians, Sumerians, Babylonians (Dictionaries of Civilizations; 1). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-25266-7 (paperback).
- Bottéro, Jean, André Finet, Bertrand Lafont, and George Roux. 2001. Everyday Life in Ancient Mesopotamia. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Crawford, Harriet E. W. 2004. Sumer and the Sumerians. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Frayne, Douglas. 2008. Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC), University of Toronto Press.
- Leick, Gwendolyn. 2002. Mesopotamia: Invention of the City. London and New York: Penguin.
- Lloyd, Seton. 1978. The Archaeology of Mesopotamia: From the Old Stone Age to the Persian Conquest. London: Thames and Hudson.
- Nemet-Nejat, Karen Rhea. 1998. Daily Life in Ancient Mesopotamia. London and Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
- Kramer, Samuel Noah. The Sumerians: Their History, Culture and Character
. University of Chicago Press. 1963. ISBN 0-226-45238-7. - Kramer, Samuel Noah. Sumerian Mythology: A Study of Spiritual and Literary Achievement in the Third Millennium BC.
- Roux, Georges. 1992. Ancient Iraq, 560 pages. London: Penguin (earlier printings may have different pagination: 1966, 480 pages, Pelican; 1964, 431 pages, London: Allen and Urwin).
- Schomp, Virginia. Ancient Mesopotamia: The Sumerians, Babylonians, And Assyrians.
- Sumer: Cities of Eden (Timelife Lost Civilizations). Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1993 (hardcover, ISBN 0-8094-9887-1).
- Wencel, Maciej Mateusz. Radiocarbon Dating of Early Dynastic Mesopotamia: Results, Limitations, and Prospects. Radiocarbon. 2017, 59 (2): 635–645 [2022-09-21]. ISSN 0033-8222. doi:10.1017/RDC.2016.60. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-29） （英語）.
- Woolley, C. Leonard. 1929. The Sumerians. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
外部鏈接[編輯]
維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：美索不達米亞早期王朝時期
- Language
- Sumerian Language Page （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, perhaps the oldest Sumerian website on the web (it dates back to 1996), features compiled lexicon, detailed FAQ, extensive links, and so on.
- ETCSL: The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） has complete translations of more than 400 Sumerian literary texts.
- PSD: The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, while still in its initial stages, can be searched on-line, from August 2004.
- CDLI: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） a large corpus of Sumerian texts in transliteration, largely from the Early Dynastic and Ur III periods, accessible with images.