無爭議冠軍
無爭議冠軍（英語：undisputed champion）在職業拳擊界中是指獲得所有主要拳擊組織世界拳王頭銜的拳擊手。[1][2]
歷史[編輯]
在20世紀60年代之前，絕大多數拳王都是沒有爭議的[3]，當時「無爭議冠軍」很少被使用。[4]
1963年，世界拳擊理事會（WBC）成立，與世界拳擊協會（WBA）分庭抗禮，[5]60、70年代便出現了許多無爭議冠軍。[3]
1984年國際拳擊聯合會（IBF）的創立造成了冠軍頭銜的進一步分裂。[6]
1985年至1987年間，經過談判，重量級冠軍頭銜曾得以短暫的統一，米克·泰臣成為了自1978年利昂·斯平克斯後首位同時擁有WBA、WBC與IBF頭銜的無爭議冠軍。[7]
1988年世界拳擊組織（WBO）成立後則花了很長時間才成為有影響力的拳擊組織。2001年WBA終於決定給予WBO冠軍與WBA、WBC、IBF冠軍同樣的認可。[8]而此後WBC、IBF也開始承認WBO冠軍頭銜。[9][10]
有些人認為，WBO頭銜是成為無爭議冠軍的必要條件。[11][12][13][14]但也有人認為，只要同時擁有WBA、WBC與IBF拳王頭銜，便可稱為無爭議冠軍。[15][16][17]其他較小的拳擊組織，如國際拳擊組織（IBO）、國際拳擊聯盟（IBU）等，則不在無爭議冠軍的判斷標準之中。
參見[編輯]
參考文獻[編輯]
- ^ Holyfield, Evander; Gruenfeld, Lee. Becoming Holyfield: A Fighter's Journey. Simon & Schuster. 2008: 123. ISBN 1-4165-3486-5.
- ^ Boxing. Encarta: 5 "Professional Boxing". [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於June 5, 2008）.
If one fighter manages to capture the titles of all the major organizations at once, this is known as "unifying" the title and the boxer is the "undisputed" champion.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Morrison, Ian. The Guinness World Championship Boxing book. Guinness Publishing. 1990: 126–137. ISBN 0-85112-900-5.
- ^ Avis, Frederick Compton. Boxing Dictionary 2nd. 1970: 141. ISBN 0-211-26839-9.
- ^ Morrison, pp.14–15
- ^ IBF/USBA History. IBF. [2008-11-15]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-05）.
- ^ Berger, Phil. Tyson undisputed and unanimous titlist. New York Times. August 2, 1987 [2008-11-14].
- ^ Super championships guidelines. WBA. [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2001-11-19）.
- ^ Compare
WBC Bantamweight Ratings (incl. WBO). WBC. [2008-11-15]. （原始內容存檔於2004-08-03）. and
WBC Bantamweight Ratings (excl. WBO). WBC. [2008-11-15]. （原始內容存檔於2004-02-04）. - ^ IBF Ratings. IBF. February 2007 [2008-11-15]. （原始內容存檔於2007-02-02）.
- ^ Gonzalez, Frank, Jr. Sharkie’s Machine: Joe Calzaghe Too Slick For Mikkel Kessler. eastsideboxing.com. November 3, 2007 [2008-11-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-02-12）.
Joe Calzaghe, who is now the closest to being the undisputed Super Middleweight Champion of the World. (There's still the IBF Title if he's to have all four of the most recognized belts.)
- ^ Klitschko wants undisputed status. BBC News. 12 November 2006 [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-05）.
"It doesn't matter with whom - (WBA champion Nikolai) Valuev, (WBO title holder) Shannon Briggs or (WBC champion Oleg) Maskaev," Klitschko said.
- ^ Borges, Ron. Holyfield never lost hope in retiring 'undisputed'. ESPN. October 12, 2007 [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2016-01-13）.
one of the four belts he needs to fulfill his final fistic dream
- ^ Smith, Tim. Size matters: Klitschko belts Ibragimov. New York Daily News. February 24, 2008 [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2010-12-28）.
- ^
Shields, Ronnie; Jones, Robert. Interview with Evander Holyfield's Trainer Ronnie Shields. fightnightnews.com. [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於May 26, 2008）.
He wants to be undisputed, so that means he's got three belts out there that he wants. WBA, WBC, and IBF, those are the titles he wants.
- ^ Daniels, Eddie. Campbell Ready To Put On Show. Tampa Tribune. February 1, 2008 [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2008-05-03）.
Antonio Tarver has made his quest to add to his IBO light heavyweight title a playoff-like system. / "Right now, my goal is three fights, three belts, undisputed by the end of the year," Tarver said. / Round 1 begins April 12 against Clinton Woods at the St. Pete Times Forum. According to Tarver, he'll take Woods' IBF lightweight title, then he's going after Danny Green's WBA light heavyweight belt. After that, he'll take on the winner of the Chad Dawson-Glen Johnson fight, which on the undercard of his bout with Woods, for the WBC belt.
- ^
Cox, Jesse K. Waiting for Zab Judah. thesweetscience.com. January 19, 2006 [2008-11-14]. （原始內容存檔於2007年5月16日）.
the undisputed welterweight champion of the world – owner of the IBF, WBC and WBA belts