玄武玻璃

玄武玻璃（英语：Tachylite）是一种玄武质火山玻璃。是经由快速冷却玄武岩熔融形成的。它是一种镁铁质火成岩，可被酸分解，易熔。颜色为黑色或深棕色，具有油腻的树脂光泽。它非常脆，在岩墙、岩脉和侵入火山岩石中常见。这个词起源于古希腊语，意思是“迅速” ^[1]。

玄武玻璃具有沥青的外观，有时呈水泡状，或球状。它们非常脆，很容易被锤子敲碎。用肉眼可看到其中长石或橄榄石的小晶体。所有的玄武玻璃都容易被风化，所含铁氧化变成深棕色或红色。玄武玻璃具有三种产状，火山渣，岩浆流^[2]^[3]和岩墙及岩脉产状^[1] 都是在快速冷却的条件下形成的，但它们比酸性火山玻璃（或黑曜石）少得多，原因是基性岩浆更具液体性，分子有更大的自由度来排列形成晶体^[1]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Flett, John S. (1911). "Tachylytes". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 344–345
^ KILAUEA VOLCANO (MT. KILAUEA), James St. John, OSU-Newark, Geology Unusual Newer Volcanics trachyandesite cones in the Gisborne-Woodend and Kyneton-Trentham areas'
^ Clark, V. 2004. Calder Highway Kyneton to Faraday: Sub-surface Archaeological Investigations for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage in Sensitive Areas PAS1, SA1, SA4 and at Site AAV7723-0125, Near Malmsbury, Victoria. Report to VicRoads

[”Flett”-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Flett, John S. (1911). "Tachylytes". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 344–345

[”KILAUEA”-2] KILAUEA VOLCANO (MT. KILAUEA), James St. John, OSU-Newark, Geology Unusual Newer Volcanics trachyandesite cones in the Gisborne-Woodend and Kyneton-Trentham areas'

[”Clark”-3] Clark, V. 2004. Calder Highway Kyneton to Faraday: Sub-surface Archaeological Investigations for Aboriginal Cultural Heritage in Sensitive Areas PAS1, SA1, SA4 and at Site AAV7723-0125, Near Malmsbury, Victoria. Report to VicRoads

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