福尔克尔·蒂尔克
| 福尔克尔·蒂尔克 Volker Türk | |
|---|---|
_(cropped).jpg) 摄于2022年 | |
| 联合国人权事务高级专员 | |
现任 | |
| 就任日期 2022年10月17日 | |
| 前任 | 蜜雪儿·巴舍莱 |
| 个人资料 | |
| 出生 | 1965年（58—59岁） 奥地利林兹 |
| 母校 | 林茨大学 维也纳大学 |
| 职业 | 律师 |
福尔克尔·蒂尔克（德语：Volker Türk，1965年—）[1]是一名奥地利律师和联合国官员，于2022年10月17日起担任联合国人权事务高级专员[2]。
教育[编辑]
蒂尔克出生于林茨，曾获林茨大学法学硕士学位和维也纳大学国际法博士学位[3][1]。他的博士论文是关于联合国难民署及其任务，1992年由柏林Duncker & Humblot出版社出版[4]。
职业生涯[编辑]
1991年，蒂尔克成为联合国初级专业人员，并在奥地利外交部的资助下在科威特临时任职。之后，他在马来西亚、科索沃、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那以及刚果民主共和国等世界各地区的联合国难民署担任各种职务。后来，他成为联合国难民署日内瓦总部国际法律保护司司长[5]。2015年2月，他被任命为负责保护事务的助理高级专员，成为最高级别的奥地利联合国官员[1]。
2019年4月18日，秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯任命蒂尔克接替法布里奇奥·霍希尔德·德拉蒙德（Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond），担任联合国秘书处秘书长办公厅主管战略协调的助理秘书长[6][7]。
2021年至2022年，蒂尔克在秘书长办公室担任主管政策事务副秘书长[8]。
联合国人权事务高级专员[编辑]
2022年9月8日，在大会投下赞成票后，蒂尔克被选为联合国人权事务高级专员，接替智利的蜜雪儿·巴舍莱[9][2]；当时的其他候选人包括费德里科·维勒加斯和阿达马·迪昂[10]。他于2022年10月17日就职。
2023年4月17日，蒂尔克呼吁俄罗斯当局释放长期批评克里姆林宫的弗拉基米尔·卡拉-穆尔扎。 蒂尔克说，这项判决是“对俄罗斯联邦法治和公民空间的另一个打击”[11]。
2023年5月9日，蒂尔克称伊朗当年的处决记录“令人发指”，平均每周有10多人被绞死[12]，他呼吁伊朗当局废除死刑[13]。
2024年3月，蒂尔克说他承认“中国在减贫和推动发展方面取得的进步”，并敦促释放根据寻衅滋事罪被拘留的人权捍卫者、律师和其他人[14]。他也呼吁中国落实2022年联合国新疆人权报告中的建议[15]。
在以色列—哈玛斯战争期间，蒂尔克称以色列可能在加萨使用饥饿作为战争武器，这将构成战争罪[16]。
个人生活[编辑]
荣誉[编辑]
出版作品[编辑]
- Erika Feller, Volker Türk, Frances Nicholson (eds.): Refugee Protection in International Law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003, ISBN 0-521-53281-7.
参考资料[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Heidi Riepl. Volker Türk: From Linz to the Top of the UN. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten. 2015-02-14. （原始内容存档于2016-05-14）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Volker Türk United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. ohchr.org. [11 September 2022].
- ^ OHCHR | Volker Türk. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. [2022-11-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-27） （英语）.
- ^ Nicholson, Frances; Twomey, Patrick. Refugee Rights and Realities (pdf; 319 kB). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 1999: XII. ISBN 0-521-63282-X （英语）.
- ^ University of Graz honours UNHCR efforts. Tiroler Tageszeitung. 2016-05-10.
- ^ Volker Türk: Assistant Secretary-General for Strategic Coordination, Executive Office of the Secretary-General (EOSG). un.org （英语）.
- ^ Mr. Volker Türk of Austria - Assistant Secretary-General for Strategic Coordination in the Executive Office of the Secretary-General. un.org. 18 April 2019 [11 September 2022].
- ^ Secretary-General António Guterres on Thursday appointed Volker Türk of Austria as the next United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, following approval by the General Assembly. UN News. 8 September 2022 [11 September 2022].
- ^ Successor to Bachelet - UN appoints new Commissioner for Human Rights. srf.ch. 2022-09-09.
- ^ Emma Farge (8 September 2022), Austria's Turk appointed U.N. human rights chief Reuters.
- ^ Türk, Volker. Comment by UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk on sentencing of Vladimir Kara-Murza in Russia. United Nations. [18 April 2023].
- ^ Iran says it executes four people accused of links to Israel's Mossad. Al Jazeera. 29 December 2023 （英语）.
In May, United Nations human rights chief Volker Turk said Iran had an “abominable” track record of executions in 2023 with an average of more than 10 people hanged each week.
- ^ Iran: "Frightening" number of executions as Türk calls for end to death penalty. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 9 May 2023.
- ^ Türk's global update to the Human Rights Council. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 4 March 2024.
Dialogue between China and my Office continues in areas such as counterterrorism policies, gender equality, minority protection, civic space, and economic, social and cultural rights. As we move forward, it is important that this dialogue yield concrete results, notably in respect of the policy areas raised during the Universal Periodic Review. I recognise China's advances in alleviating poverty and advancing development, and I have urged that these advances be accompanied by reforms to align relevant laws and policies with international human rights standards. During the UPR, China announced plans to adopt 30 new measures for human rights protection, including amendments to the Criminal Law, and revisions of the Criminal Procedure Law. My Office looks forward to engaging with China on this; I particularly encourage revision of the vague offence of “picking quarrels and making trouble” in Article 293 of the Criminal Law, and I urge the release of human rights defenders, lawyers and others detained under such legislation. I also call on the Government to implement the recommendations made by my Office and other human rights bodies in relation to laws, policies and practises that violate fundamental rights, including in the Xinjiang and Tibet regions.
- ^ UN rights chief says China committing violations in Xinjiang, Tibet. Reuters. 4 March 2024 [5 March 2024].
- ^ Bowen, Jeremy. Gaza starvation could amount to war crime, UN human rights chief tells BBC. BBC. 28 March 2024 [30 March 2024].
- ^ University of Graz awards human rights award. orf.at. 2016-05-13.
| 国际组织职务 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 前任者： 蜜雪儿·巴舍莱 |
联合国人权事务高级专员 2022年—至今 |
现任 |
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