MRC-5细胞

MRC-5（全称英国医学研究委员会细胞株5、Medical Research Council cell strain-5）是由成纤维细胞组成的二倍体人类细胞系，该成纤维细胞来自于一个14周龄流产的白人男性胎儿的肺部组织，胞体呈单一梭形。1966年9月，研究人员从原始菌株的第7代增殖分裂中，分离出了该细胞系，并且已知MRC-5细胞在约42至46代的增殖分裂中，就会达到衰老^[1]^[2]。在过氧化氢的体外诱导下，MRC-5细胞会出现早熟性衰老。MRC-5细胞可用于生产几种疫苗，包括麻疹腮腺炎德国麻疹混合疫苗、水痘疫苗和脊髓灰质炎疫苗等。

MRC-5细胞被很多科研单位和细胞培养工作者使用^[3]，因为其生产出的生物制品无外源因子、无外源性细胞残馀去氧核糖核酸和无致瘤性。而且因具有广泛的病毒敏感谱而成为制备疫苗适宜的培养基质，然而因具有对培养基和牛血清等营养成分要求高，并且对剪应力敏感等的特点而具有培养难度大的缺点。有研究指出Cytodex 1^[4]、Cytodex 2及Cytodex 3等均可应用于MRC-5细胞培养，其中Cytopore 2在细胞培养密度、代谢和形态等方面均比Cytodex 3更适合于MRC-5细胞的培养，使用其能进行高密度及大规模的培养^[5]^[6]^[7]。

参考资料

^ Jacobs, JP; Jones, CM; Baille, JP. Characteristics of a human diploid cell designated MRC-5.. Nature. 1970-07-11, 227 (5254): 168–70 [2019-11-29]. PMID 4316953. doi:10.1038/227168a0.
^ Jacobs, JP. The status of human diploid cell strain MRC-5 as an approved substrate for the production of viral vaccines.. Journal of biological standardization. 1976-04, 4 (2): 97–9 [2019-11-29]. PMID 932048. doi:10.1016/0092-1157(76)90018-4.
^ Saeed, K; Pelosi, E. Comparison between turnaround time and cost of herpes simplex virus testing by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction from genital swabs.. International journal of STD & AIDS. 2010-04, 21 (4): 298–9 [2019-11-29]. PMID 20378906. doi:10.1258/ijsa.2009.009006.
^ Trabelsi, K; Majoul, S; Rourou, S; Kallel, H. Development of a measles vaccine production process in MRC-5 cells grown on Cytodex1 microcarriers and in a stirred bioreactor.. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2012-02, 93 (3): 1031–40 [2019-11-29]. PMID 21935589. doi:10.1007/s00253-011-3574-y.
^ Morandi, M; Bandinelli, L; Valeri, A. Growth of MRC-5 diploid cells on three types of microcarriers.. Experientia. 1982-06-15, 38 (6): 668–70 [2019-11-29]. PMID 7049716. doi:10.1007/bf01964083.
^ Varani, J; Bendelow, MJ; Chun, JH; Hillegas, WA. Cell growth on microcarriers: comparison of proliferation on and recovery from various substrates.. Journal of biological standardization. 1986-10, 14 (4): 331–6 [2019-11-29]. PMID 3558416. doi:10.1016/0092-1157(86)90020-x.
^ Forestell, SP; Kalogerakis, N; Behie, LA. The extended serial subculture of human diploid fibroblasts on microcarriers using a new medium supplement formulation.. Biotechnology and bioengineering. 1992-11, 40 (9): 1039–44 [2019-11-29]. PMID 18601212. doi:10.1002/bit.260400907.

外部链接

Cellosaurus entry for MRC-5 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] Jacobs, JP; Jones, CM; Baille, JP. Characteristics of a human diploid cell designated MRC-5.. Nature. 1970-07-11, 227 (5254): 168–70 [2019-11-29]. PMID 4316953. doi:10.1038/227168a0.

[2] Jacobs, JP. The status of human diploid cell strain MRC-5 as an approved substrate for the production of viral vaccines.. Journal of biological standardization. 1976-04, 4 (2): 97–9 [2019-11-29]. PMID 932048. doi:10.1016/0092-1157(76)90018-4.

[3] Saeed, K; Pelosi, E. Comparison between turnaround time and cost of herpes simplex virus testing by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction from genital swabs.. International journal of STD & AIDS. 2010-04, 21 (4): 298–9 [2019-11-29]. PMID 20378906. doi:10.1258/ijsa.2009.009006.

[4] Trabelsi, K; Majoul, S; Rourou, S; Kallel, H. Development of a measles vaccine production process in MRC-5 cells grown on Cytodex1 microcarriers and in a stirred bioreactor.. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2012-02, 93 (3): 1031–40 [2019-11-29]. PMID 21935589. doi:10.1007/s00253-011-3574-y.

[5] Morandi, M; Bandinelli, L; Valeri, A. Growth of MRC-5 diploid cells on three types of microcarriers.. Experientia. 1982-06-15, 38 (6): 668–70 [2019-11-29]. PMID 7049716. doi:10.1007/bf01964083.

[6] Varani, J; Bendelow, MJ; Chun, JH; Hillegas, WA. Cell growth on microcarriers: comparison of proliferation on and recovery from various substrates.. Journal of biological standardization. 1986-10, 14 (4): 331–6 [2019-11-29]. PMID 3558416. doi:10.1016/0092-1157(86)90020-x.

[7] Forestell, SP; Kalogerakis, N; Behie, LA. The extended serial subculture of human diploid fibroblasts on microcarriers using a new medium supplement formulation.. Biotechnology and bioengineering. 1992-11, 40 (9): 1039–44 [2019-11-29]. PMID 18601212. doi:10.1002/bit.260400907.

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